德國(guó)REXROTH力士樂柱塞泵

德國(guó)REXROTH力士樂柱塞泵依靠柱塞與缸體內(nèi)孔面來形成密封工作容積的。由于柱塞與缸體內(nèi)孔均為圓柱表面，因此加工方便，配合精度高，密封性能好。故柱塞泵常做成高壓泵。
 優(yōu)點(diǎn)：壓力高、結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、效率高及流量調(diào)節(jié)方便。
 缺點(diǎn)：結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，價(jià)格較貴。
 柱塞泵按柱塞排列方向的不同，分為軸向柱塞泵和徑向柱塞泵。在此，簡(jiǎn)要介紹軸向柱塞泵和回轉(zhuǎn)式徑向柱塞泵。
– 斜軸結(jié)構(gòu)軸向柱塞變量泵，用于開式回路的液壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。
 　　– 適用于工程機(jī)械或工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。
 　　– 多種變量方式適用于各種控制和調(diào)節(jié)過程。
 　　– 堅(jiān)固的驅(qū)動(dòng)軸圓錐滾子軸承使泵結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，壽命長(zhǎng)。
 　　– 輸出流量與轉(zhuǎn)速和排量成正比，排量從Vg max至Vg min＝0無(wú)級(jí)可調(diào)。
1)軸向柱塞泵。軸向柱塞泵由配流盤、缸體(轉(zhuǎn)子)、柱塞和斜盤等主要零件組成。在配流盤上開有兩個(gè)弧形 溝槽，分別與泵的吸、壓油口連通，形成吸油腔和壓油腔。斜盤、配流盤均與泵體相固定，柱塞在彈簧的作用下以球形端頭與斜盤接觸。兩個(gè)弧形溝槽彼此隔開，保 持一定的密封性。斜盤相對(duì)于缸體的夾角為γ。原動(dòng)機(jī)通過傳動(dòng)軸帶動(dòng)缸體旋轉(zhuǎn)，柱塞就在柱塞孔內(nèi)作軸向往復(fù)滑動(dòng)。處于π～2π范圍內(nèi)的柱塞向外伸出，使其底 部的密封容積增大，將油吸入；處于0～π范圍內(nèi)的柱塞向缸體內(nèi)壓入，使其底部的密封容積減小，把油壓往系統(tǒng)中。

rexroth力士樂軸向柱塞泵的工作原理  軸向柱塞泵是將多個(gè)柱塞配置在一個(gè)共同缸體的圓周上,并使柱塞中心線和缸體中心線平行的一種泵。軸向柱塞泵有兩種形式,直軸式（斜盤式）和斜軸式（擺缸式）,如圖3-23所示為直軸式軸向柱塞泵的工作原理,這種泵主體由缸體1、配油盤2、柱塞3和斜盤4組成。柱塞沿圓周均勻分布在缸體內(nèi)。斜盤軸線與缸體軸線傾斜一角度,柱塞靠機(jī)械裝置或在低壓油作用下壓緊在斜盤上（圖中為彈簧）,配油盤2和斜盤4固定不轉(zhuǎn),當(dāng)原動(dòng)機(jī)通過傳動(dòng)軸使缸體轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí),由于斜盤的作用,迫使柱塞在缸體內(nèi)作往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),并通過配油盤的配油窗口進(jìn)行吸油和壓油。如圖3-23中所示回轉(zhuǎn)方向,當(dāng)缸體轉(zhuǎn)角在π～2π范圍內(nèi),柱塞向外伸出,柱塞底部缸孔的密封工作容積增大,通過配油盤的吸油窗口吸油;在0～π范圍內(nèi),柱塞被斜盤推入缸體,使缸孔容積減小,通過配油盤的壓油窗口壓油。缸體每轉(zhuǎn)一周,每個(gè)柱塞各完成吸、壓油一次,如改變斜盤傾角,就能改變柱塞行程的長(zhǎng)度,即改變液壓泵的排量,改變斜盤傾角方向,就能改變吸油和壓油的方向,即成為雙向變量泵。

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